Doctor

Under physiological conditions, the eyeball is protected and covered by a community of non-pathogenic microorganisms, the ocular microbiome. However, in the event of penetrating, accidental, surgical or injection-associated trauma, the injury that is generated can facilitate the migration of these micro-organisms within the eye itself, with the following infectious outcome. Suffice it to say that up to 82% of the post-cataract endophthalmitis are caused by the same microbial communities that populate the eye, an estimate that underlines the need for know and monitor the distribution of these ocular micro-organisms and their possible antibiotic resistance.

Eye infections can vary in nature, complexity and severity. Bacterial conjunctivitis is probably the most common infection, while the most serious, but less common, is endophthalmitis, which, in the......

A brief review of molecules associated with one or more stages of DR.

A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of onset and the time sequence of the different pathogenic components of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macular oedema (EMD) is one of the challenges currently......

Knowledge of the ocular surface microbiome can help the specialist recognise when risk factors for intraocular infection exist and in determining the most effective antibiotic prophylaxis. Diversity......

The importance of a sensitive and specific screening method is prompting several groups to identify biomarkers of diabetic retinopathy.

The most common ocular complication in people with diabetes and the leading cause of blindness in economically developed countries is diabetic retinopathy (DR). Early diagnosis and timely treatment are elements......

Cataract surgery has long been a refractive surgery of the crystalline lens.

The removal of the lens, which is more or less opaque, and the implantation of an artificial lens, allow the pre-operative refractive defect to be corrected, producing a post-surgical ametropia that improves the quality e......

"To be of use to the world is the only way to be happy".
 Hans Christian Andersen

Dear Readers, it is with great pleasure that I present to you this special issue of 'l'Oculista italiano' focusing on some important topics in refractive cataract surgery discussed by leading opinion leaders......

In 2020, 50,000 deaths are expected from infections no longer treatable by current antibiotics.

Penicillin marked the beginning of the antibiotic era, to which we owe the salvation of millions of people and a major contribution to the extension of life expectancy. Today, penicillin is easy to......

New hope from the first implant performed at the Careggi Hospital in Florence.

Stargardt's disease is a rare form of degenerative retinal disease, which affects, on a hereditary basis, one in 10,000 people. It is, like Retinitis Pigmentosa, a degenerative maculopathy......