The surface of the eyes and its adnexa, such as eyelids and eyelashes, are among the most exposed structures of our body and therefore highly susceptible to microbial contamination, to eye infections and inflammations.
Practising a ccorrect daily eye and periocular hygiene is undoubtedly the most effective behaviour for the prevention of infectious states which can lead to conditions not only of ocular discomfort, but more severe clinical pathological pictures.
Moreover, although all individuals are potentially susceptible to eye infections, certain factors, such as the use of of contact lenses, increase the possibility of complications, including the occurrence of microbial keratitis (CM). Risk factors that can lead to the onset of contact lens CM include:
-the absence or low frequency of hand washing;
-prolong contact lens wear even during the night hours;
-smoking;
-poor care of the lens case.
Hand washing is among the most important measures to prevent eye infections. Studies have shown that it is not only the washing of hands that is important, but also how they should be washed. The washing technique, Indeed, it varies from person to person and depends on the use of the hands. For example, a contact lens wearer who performs manual work such as gardening must definitely pay more attention to hand washing before handling contact lenses when inserting them than a person who works in an office.
In general, scientific evidence suggests that to achieve reasonable microbial decontamination the hands should be washed for at least 30-40 seconds.
In addition, those who wear contact lenses daily, as well as making sure to wash their hands before, after and during lens insertion, should pay close attention to the correct and optimal storage of lens fluids, which, if contaminated with the presence of microorganisms, can lead to eye infections. The microorganisms that most commonly cause lens keratitis are different, but in the majority of cases, i.e. in about 85%, the cheratitis by Acanthamoeba occurs precisely in contact lens wearers. It is a rare but very dangerous infection that causes very intense pain in the eyes, redness and blurred vision.
In addition to the careless washing of hands with soap, the hot air dryers for hands can contribute to the risk of infection This is because, in general, users never dry their hands completely, leaving them moist and thus creating a favourable environment for bacterial proliferation. The guidelines, therefore, recommend theuse of disposable cotton towels or napkins. The latter should also be used to open the contact lens case, thus avoiding the use of fingers. In addition, the use of Alcohol wipes for hand cleansing are not recommended because alcohol could not only cause irritation to the eyes, but could also damage the lenses.
Rules to follow to avoid possible infections
- Always wash your hands before inserting, removing or repositioning lenses;
- Clean the lid and the entire contact lens case, preferably with a warm cloth;
- Do not use wipes or alcohol-based solutions;
- Avoid the use of hot air dryers.
Source
Hand hygiene prior to contact lens handling is problematic. Charles W. McMonnies. Contact Lens & Anterior Eye 35 (2012) 65- 70.
Dr. Carmelo Chines
Direttore responsabile
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